Arbutin/ Arbutoside/ Arbutine
衛生署規定濃度限量為 7％，且製品中所含之對苯二酚(Hydroquinone) 應在 20ppm 以下。
A derivative of hydroquinone can prevent the activation of tyramic acid, block the activity of enzyme, and have the effect of inhibiting melanin formation. The effective concentration has not been determined. It is more stable than hydroquinone. It is often extracted from the leaves of berries and some mushrooms.
The concentration limit specified by the Department of health is 7 percent and hydroquinone in the product should be below 20ppm.
The concentration limit specified by the Department of health is 7 percent and hydroquinone in the product should be below 20ppm.
ref.
Phytotherapy Research, July 2004, pages 475-479; Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin, April 2004, pages 510-524
Clinical and Experimental Dermatology, September 2002, pages 513-515; Analytical Biochemistry, June 2002, pages 260–268, and June 1999, pages 207–219
Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, February 1996, pages 765–769
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